The Early Days
In 1817, First Presbyterian Church dedicated its first edifice at 1 Franklin Street, at the corner of North Street and facing municipal land where the fire station is today. Here the New School Presbyterians convened in 1837 and The Auburn Declaration was signed.
The Old First Church Auburn New York 1817 - 1869
The congregation outgrew the church and donated it to the Lansing Street Presbyterian Mission School. The building was dismantled and moved up the hill to 90 Franklin Street, land owned by Elder James Seymour. It was rebuilt in 1869 as a smaller structure, known first as the Seymour Chapel but soon as Calvary Presbyterian Church.
Seymour Chapel 1869 (picture courtesy of the Cayuga Museum)
The northeast entrance was added in 1882.
Calvary Church Auburn New York 1882 - 1888
In 1888 the building was raised off the foundation and a complete basement was built below the structure, which also was enlarged.
Calvary Church Auburn New York after 1888
The northeast entrance was evidently removed in 1919. The original Corinthian detail of the Old First Church was preserved through 1972.
Calvary Church Auburn New York 1972
The congregation removed the Corinthian capitals and sided the structure in 1973. Most of the architectural details remain beneath the siding. One capital is displayed inside the church.
Calvary Church Auburn New York 1976
The interior of the church when it was rebuilt in 1869 was Victorian. The following 1901 picture shows the organ installed in the east end that year.
Calvary Church Auburn New York organ 1901
In 1919 the Austin organ was installed, as were new stained glass windows. Both remain today.
Calvary Church Auburn New York organ 1919
From late 1945 until 1949, Rev. George E. Davies led a building program to refurbish and modernize the interior. The work was done by John D'Arcangelo of Buffalo, New York. The Victorian interior was transformed into a colonial revival sanctuary of rare beauty.
Calvary Church Auburn New York Pulpit c. 1990
The Corinthian detail was reflected even in the Victorian interior, and highlighted in the transformation.
Calvary Church Auburn New York Old First Arch 2007
The Old First Church interior has always remained in the west end of Calvary. Rev. Dirck Cornelius Lansing, a founder of the Auburn Theological Seminary, preached here, as did Rev. Charles Hawley, founder of the Cayuga County Historical Society and a beloved leader in the community. Calvary had the pulpit here from 1882 through 1888, when George Black Stewart, soon to be president of the Auburn Theological Seminary, was the minister.
On March 7, 1869 Rev. Hawley preached for the last time in the Old First Church. The morning sermon was a discourse on the history of the church.
Rev. Hawley's predecessor, Henry Addison Nelson, was invited to preach the last time, in the evening. Nelson had been called to First Presbyterian Church in St. Louis and by 1869 was known as having saved Missouri for the Union. Too taken up with duties at the Lane Theological Seminary to accept the invitation, Rev. Nelson sent a letter, which Rev. Hawley read. Rev. Nelson said:
"To preach the last sermon in that dear old church, the most beautiful structure, to my eyes, that they ever looked upon--in which I knelt to receive 'the laying on of hands of the Presbytery;' in which I first took upon my conscience the pastoral vows, and on my heart the sweet burden of the pastoral care; ... whose ... arches and pulpit, with every line and leaf in all its profuse and elaborate carving, are imprinted 'in my mind's eye,' ineffaceably; the very throbbing of whose wall behind me, at the strokes of its bell, made it seem alive; that blessed old edifice, now about to resound for the last time to the voice of a preacher, and the privilege offered to me that it should be my voice!"
Rev. Nelson lived a long time after 1869, and witnessed the building resounding again to the bell, the music, and the voices of the faithful. Today Calvary is the home of the Calvary Food Pantry, the Unity House Drop-in Center, and the Thompson Memorial AME Zion Church
The CASE Mansion/The PERC (Event & Retreat Center)
A ministry unfolding since 1845
In 1845, Dr. Sylvester Willard joined First Presbyterian Church by letter from Second Presbyterian Church in Chicago, where he had practiced medicine before coming to Auburn. Thus begins the story of First Presbyterian Church and the Case Mansion on the church grounds.
Case Mansion and the Steeple Bell that fell April 5, 1973
Dr. Willard was a well-regarded physician and also an organizer in 1848 of the Oswego Starch Company. He was very wealthy and equally generous. He was a benefactor of the First Presbyterian Church and an elder for 38 years (1848 - 1886).
Dr. Willard was a great friend of Rev. Charles Hawley, pastor from 1857 to 1885. Dr. Willard's digest of Dr. Hawley's sermons is a treasure in the church archives.
Dr. Willard was married to Jane Case Willard, whose brother, Theodore Pettibone Case, was a benefactor of the church also. His son was Willard Erastus Case, whose son was Theodore Willard Case, the builder of the Case Mansion.
Dr. Willard had two daughters. These generous women donated the Willard Chapel to the Auburn Theological Seminary. They died with no heirs other than their cousin Willard Erastus Case. Thus the Willard fortune came into the hands of Theodore Willard (Ted) Case.
Ted Case was very inventive and devised a method of putting sound on film. Thus he is credited with inventing "talking pictures." His work was done in a laboratory behind his home, the former Willard Mansion, now the Cayuga Museum.
In 1931, having sold the sound on film technology to Fox, Ted Case built the Case Mansion. The MacDougall and Boyd mansions were demolished to make way for the new house, which is very large, with 65 rooms and upwards of 36,000 sq. ft.
Over time Ted Case's fortunes waned, and he gave the Willard Mansion to the city in 1936, and the Case Mansion to the city in 1938.
From 1938 to 1946 the Case Mansion was used for various purposes including a National Youth Administration center, housing women who lived and worked in the mansion, and making sheets, pillowcases, and towels for wartime supplies.
In 1946 the Carmelite Fathers purchased the home from the city for use as a monastery. In 1972 the Carmelites offered shelter to mentally retarded people there. Afterward, the Fathers invited a group of volunteers to move in and shelter mentally disabled veterans in the mansion.
Accounts from that time show these volunteers sacrificed their own homes and money to do this. The service came to be called Unity House.
In the meantime, First Presbyterian Church continued its mission and ministry. In 1869 the church had built a massive limestone edifice and gradually acquired land all around, often improving the land because there was a need. Then, in 1969, the city embarked on plans to build an arterial highway. The church would lose much of its land, be landlocked on the north side, and thus be severed from some of its property.
On April 5, 1973, the organist arrived early for choir practice and began to play. The giant steeple collapsed on the organ, but the organist was thrown aside and walked out of the church. The church was destroyed by the collapse, and the congregation determined the church had to be demolished and the site sold. The search began for a new site.
The Carmelite Fathers offered land next to the Case Mansion, and there the new First Presbyterian Church was built in 1975.
By this time, the Carmelites' crisis deepened as they knew they could no longer afford to run the mansion. The volunteers feared they would lose their home in the Case Mansion, as well as that of the disabled veterans--and the mission of caring for these men.
The volunteers appealed to the First Presbyterian Church to buy the Case Mansion and continue the program. The church did so, thus embarking on yet another enormous mission in a long history of great missions by this small church in a small city.
Pastor Dennis Haines worked with the volunteers to incorporate their Unity House program, find an executive director, and secure all the approvals needed to operate mental health services in New York State.
The Unity House program operated for 35 years in the Case Mansion and has expanded to other locations as well. It has grown from serving 24 disabled veterans to serving more than 700 clients a day in several counties. Members of First Presbyterian Church serve on the Unity House board and other committees.
With changes in mental health services, the Unity House residence program left the mansion at the end of 2011.
At its stated meeting in December 2016, after prayer and discernment, the session approved plans to re-design the Case Mansion as our church’s new Presbyterian Event and Retreat Center (PERC).
The Center continuing the mission of First Presbyterian Church (Led by God, Serving Christ, Guided by the Holy Spirit, Strong in Faith) is to provide an ecumenical ministry of hospitality, offering programs, space, and nourishment to individuals and groups desiring spiritual growth, renewal, and peace. In the tradition of Presbyterian retreat centers like Montreat in North Carolina or Stony Point in New York, the Center will offer opportunities to bring people together from all walks of life for prayer, rejuvenation, and creative ways of building community.
Sources:
- A History of First Presbyterian Church by Rev. Malcolm L. MacPhail (1936)
- Now We're Talking: The Story of Theodore W. Case and Sound-on-film by Antonia and Luke Colella (2003)
- A History of Willard Memorial Chapel and the Auburn Theological Seminary by Edward Rossman, Kathleen Walker, and Marcia Walsh (2013)
- Newspaper accounts of the purchase of the Case Mansion by First Presbyterian Church, 1975 and 1976 and correspondence in the church files
- Presentation on the architectural history of the city of Auburn by Michael Long, manager of capital improvement programs for the city, May 6, 2007, in the Willard Chapel
- Correspondence with Stephen Erskine, retired librarian of Seymour Library of Auburn New York, October 24, 2007